<p>Other trace minerals. <strong>molybdenum</strong> (Mo), <strong>chromium</strong> (Cr), <strong>nickel</strong> (Ni), <strong>tin</strong> (Sn), <strong>vanadium</strong> (V), <strong>fluorine</strong> (F), <strong>silicon</strong> (Si) and <strong>arsenic</strong> (As) are also recognised as being essential minerals. However, the requirements for these minerals have not been properly determined and hence they are not included within the PC-Horse program.&nbsp;</p>
<p><span lang="en"><span class="hps"><strong>Silicon</strong> is the</span> <span class="hps">second most abundant</span> <span class="hps">nutrient in the</span> <span class="hps">crustal</span> <span class="hps">surface layer</span><span>, but</span> <span class="hps">little is known</span> <span class="hps">with regard</span> <span class="hps">to the effects</span> <span class="hps">on mammals</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">Silicon is</span> <span class="hps">essential</span> <span class="hps">in the construction of</span> <span class="hps">bone</span> <span class="hps">and is a major</span> <span class="hps">component of</span> <span class="hps">connective tissue,</span> </span><span lang="en">hyaluronic acid </span><span id="result_box" lang="en"><span class="hps">and</span> <span class="hps">cartilage.</span> <span class="hps">Silica</span> <span class="hps">is found in nature</span> <span class="hps">as SiO2</span> <span class="hps">and</span> <span class="hps">is easily absorbed by</span> <span class="hps">the horse.</span> <span class="hps">Sodium</span> <span class="hps atn">zeolite (</span><span>SZA</span><span>) is absorbed</span> <span class="hps">more easily and</span> <span class="hps">have</span> <span class="hps">found that</span> <span class="hps">this nutrient</span> <span class="hps">is good for</span> <span class="hps">horses in training and</span> <span class="hps">it prevents</span> <span class="hps">injuries.</span> <span class="hps">Since</span> <span class="hps">Silicon</span> <span class="hps">occur</span> <span class="hps">so abundantly</span> <span class="hps">in nature</span><span>, it is less</span> <span class="hps">likely that there</span> <span class="hps">will</span> <span class="hps">be a shortage</span> <span class="hps">of horses</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">There is no</span> <span class="hps">internationally established</span> <span class="hps">standards</span> <span class="hps">need</span> <span class="hps">silicon for</span> <span class="hps">horses.</span></span></p>
<p><span class="hps"><strong>Boron</strong> is</span> <span class="hps">accepted as</span> <span class="hps">an essential nutrient</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">Based on</span> <span class="hps">the</span> <span class="hps">outturn</span> <span class="hps">that exists</span> <span class="hps">should be</span> <span class="hps">able to</span> <span class="hps">expect that</span> <span class="hps">the very small</span> <span class="hps">amounts</span> <span class="hps">that</span> <span class="hps">are</span> <span class="hps">need</span> <span class="hps">are covered</span> <span class="hps">by</span> <span class="hps">the naturally</span> <span class="hps">occurring boron</span> <span class="hps">in feed.</span> <span class="hps">There is no</span> <span class="hps">internationally established</span> <span class="hps">standards</span> <span class="hps">need</span> <span class="hps">for horses.</span></p>