<p style="margin-top: 0.1pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; text-align: right;"><a href="index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=3880:poll-nb&amp;catid=619:topics-feedback&amp;lang=nb-NO"><span style="color: #ff0000;"><strong>Vennligst kommentere denne artikkelen</strong></span></a></p>
<p><strong>B-vitaminene er en gruppe på 8 vannløselige vitaminer som har en viktig rolle i cellenes metabolisme. De kan ikke produseres av kroppen selv, men kan bli produsert av bakterier, sopp og planter. Hos hesten er mikrobene i hestens tarm (hovesaklig blind- og tykktarm) i stand til å syntetisere B-vitaminer og hestens behov for B-vitaminer har bare blitt oppgitt for tiamin (B<sub>1</sub>) og riboflavin (B<sub>2</sub>). I denne artikkelen skal vi se på funksjon, kilder og behov for tiamin (vitamin B<sub>1</sub>).</strong></p>
<p><img style="vertical-align: middle;" src="images-joomla/stories/seasons/ax.jpg" alt="ax" /> <img style="vertical-align: middle;" src="images-joomla/stories/seasons/tiaminformel.png" alt="tiaminformel" /></p>
<p><strong>Funksjon<br /></strong>Tiamin er etvitamin som har en viktig rolle i energi metabolismen. Det er nødvendig når karbohydrater, fett og proteiner omsettes i kroppen for å produsere høy-energi forbindelsen ATP og for produksjon av pentose sukkeret (ribulose) som trengs for produksjon av nukleinsyrene DNA og RNA.</p>
<p><strong>Kilder<br /></strong>Tiamin finnes i relativt høye konsentrasjoner i korn og biprodukter av korn (se tabell).</p>
<table style="border-collapse: collapse;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 91.9pt; border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="92">Mais</td>
<td style="width: 4cm; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="113">3.5 mg/kg TS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 91.9pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="92">Havre</td>
<td style="width: 4cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="113">5.2 mg/kg TS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 91.9pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="92">Hvete</td>
<td style="width: 4cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="113">5.5 mg/kg TS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 91.9pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="92">Bygg</td>
<td style="width: 4cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="113">5.7 mg/kg TS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 91.9pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="92">Hvetekli</td>
<td style="width: 4cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="113">8.0 mg/kg TS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 91.9pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="92">Hvetekim</td>
<td style="width: 4cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="113">12.0 mg/kg TS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 91.9pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="92">Riskli</td>
<td style="width: 4cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="113">23.0 mg/kg TS</td>
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<tr>
<td style="width: 91.9pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="92">Ølgjær</td>
<td style="width: 4cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="113">95.2 mg/kg TS</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>TS=Tørrstoff</p>
<p>Disse konsentrasjonene av tiamin i fôr vill bli redusert ved lagring.<br />Tiamin er tilsatt de fleste kraftfôrblandinger til hest (10-30 mg/kg) og i vitamintilskudd.</p>
<p><strong>Behov</strong></p>
<p>NRC 2007 oppgir behov for tiamin til hester (se tabell).</p>
<table style="border-collapse: collapse;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
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<td style="width: 127.35pt; border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="127">Vedlikehold</td>
<td style="width: 5cm; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="142">0,06 mg/kg kroppsvekt</td>
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<tr>
<td style="width: 127.35pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="127">Lett trening</td>
<td style="width: 5cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="142">0,06 mg/kg kroppsvekt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 127.35pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="127">Middels trening</td>
<td style="width: 5cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="142">0,113 mg/kg kroppsvekt</td>
</tr>
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<td style="width: 127.35pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="127">Hard trening</td>
<td style="width: 5cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="142">0,125 mg/kg kroppsvekt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 127.35pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="127">Veldig hard trening</td>
<td style="width: 5cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="142">0,125 mg/kg kroppsvekt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 127.35pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="127">Drektige hopper</td>
<td style="width: 5cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="142">0,06 mg/kg kroppsvekt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 127.35pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="127">Lakterende hopper</td>
<td style="width: 5cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="142">0,075 mg/kg kroppsvekt</td>
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<tr>
<td style="width: 127.35pt; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="127">Unghester</td>
<td style="width: 5cm; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="142">0,075 mg/kg body weight</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><strong>Mangelsymptomer<br /></strong>Beriberi er den klassiske sykdommen ved tiamin mangel. Blodmangel, langsom puls, ufrivillige muskelskjelvinger og mangelfull koordinasjon har blitt rapportert hos hester med tiamin mangel.</p>
<p><strong>Giftighet<br /></strong>Tiamin er et vannløselig vitamin og et høyere enn nødvendig inntak vil bli skilt ut med urinen. Tiamin forgiftning er aldri vist hos hester.</p>
<p><strong>PC-Horse<br /></strong>PC-Horse beregner behovet for tiamin individuelt for hver hest i henhold til NRC anbefalingene. Tiamin er også tatt med for fôrene i programmets fôrlister. Når du setter opp fôrplaner til hestene dine ved hjelp av PC-Horse har du alltid oversikt over fôrplanens innhold av tiamin og hvordan dette er i forhold til hestens behov (i alle programversjoner bortsett fra Mini).</p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=3880:poll-nb&amp;catid=619:topics-feedback&amp;lang=nb-NO"><span style="color: #ff0000;"><strong>Vennligst kommentere denne artikkelen</strong></span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0.1pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.1pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin-top: 0.1pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.1pt;"><em>This article was originally written by Dr. Day Austbø.</em><br /> <em>Copyright: PC-Horse International - Norway 2015</em><br /> <em>Feel free to use and publish the material. Please indicate the source and author.</em></p>